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However the light output is reported as proportional to V 3 {\displaystyle V

The small size of halogen lamps permits their use in compact optical systems for projectors and illumination. The first lamps used only tungsten for filament supports, but some designs use molybdenum – an example being the molybdenum shield in the H4 twin filament headlight for the European Asymmetric Passing Beam. Incandescent lamp variety A halogen lamp operating in its fitting with the protecting glass removed A halogen lamp behind a round UV filter. The halogen cycle keeps the bulb clean and causes the light output to remain almost constant throughout the bulb's life. More recently, wider beam versions have become available designed for direct use on supply voltages of 120 or 230 V.

Standard and halogen incandescent bulbs are much less efficient than LED and compact fluorescent lamps, and therefore have been or are being phased out in many places. At some point, however, it will reach higher temperature regions within the bulb where it then dissociates, releasing tungsten back onto the filament and freeing the halogen to repeat the process. Regeneration of the filament is also possible with fluorine, but its chemical reactivity is so great that other parts of the lamp are attacked. The combination of the halogen gas and the tungsten filament produces a halogen-cycle chemical reaction, which redeposits evaporated tungsten on the filament, increasing its life and maintaining the clarity of the envelope. At moderate temperatures the halogen reacts with the evaporating tungsten, the halide formed being moved around in the inert gas filling.

For a fixed power and life, the luminous efficacy of all incandescent lamps is greatest at a particular design voltage.

of multifaceted reflector "MR" lamps of 20–50 watts were originally conceived for the projection of 8 mm film, but are now widely used for display lighting and in the home. The production and importation of directional mains-voltage halogen bulbs was banned on 1 September 2016 and non-directional halogen bulbs followed on 1 September 2018. In ordinary incandescent lamps, evaporated tungsten mostly deposits onto the inner surface of the bulb, causing the bulb to blacken and the filament to grow increasingly weak until it eventually breaks. This allows the filament to operate at a higher temperature than a standard incandescent lamp of similar power and operating life; this also produces light with higher luminous efficacy and color temperature. In June 2021, the UK government also announced plans to end the sale of halogen light bulbs from September, as part of the UK's wider efforts to tackle climate change.